A square dance requires:
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One or more "squares" of dancers (4 couples per square)
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A Caller
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Music
The caller chants or sings instructions to the dancers directing them in specific moves around the square. These instructions are known as "calls". A good caller skillfully paces his calls to the music.
New dancers first learn Basic level calls then move up to Mainstream calls. Skilled dancers can go on to learn more complicated calls at Plus, A1, and A2 levels.
If you have never square danced, you need to learn the calls in order to understand the instructions given by the caller. Square Dance lessons are offered at different levels by many square dance clubs, including the Jolly Promenaders.